Description:- | About The Author:- J. Albert Rorabacher| was born and raised in the American Midwest. He received his academic credentials from Michigan State University (B.Sc.)| The University of Texas (M.A.)| and the University of Minnesota (Ph.D.). He now lives in Canada with his wife| Hava| and his dog| Crosby| writing on the topics of hunger and poverty| flooding| land relations| and development.| Contents:- Contents| Table of Boxes| List of Figures| List of Illustrations| List of Maps| List of Tables| Abbreviations| Acronyms and Glossary| Preface| 1. The Problem| ? Introduction ? Food and Famine ? Some Background| ? Decolonization ? Post-Colonial Nation Building ? Food| Shortages ? Production Increases ? Population Growth| ? Population Growth and Development ? Our Goal| 2. The Green Revolution Finds a Home| ? Introduction ? The Green Revolution ? Genetic| Modification ? The Example of Bt Cotton ? Sustainable| Growth ? The Green Revolution in India ? High-Yielding| Varieties ? Wheat ? High-Yielding Varieties ? Rice ? A| Lag in Adoption ? Consequences of HYVs ? Punjab as| the Green Revolution Model ? Changes in Attitudes| toward Crops ? The 2006 Wheat Crisis ? Increased Risk| Taking ? Initial Adopter ? High-Yield Variety Adoption| Patterns ? The Other Components of the ?Package of| Practices? ? Chemical Fertilizers ? Chemical Pesticides| ? Herbicides ? Irrigation ? Conclusions| 11| 13| 15| 17| 19| 21| 25| 27| 43| 6 Hunger and Poverty in South Asia| 3. Sub-Saharan Africa: Poverty| Colonialism| Geography| and Disease| ? Introduction ? What is Poverty and How do We| Define It? ? Measures of Poverty ? Human| Development Index HDI) ? Human Poverty Index (HPI)| ? Global Hunger Index (GHI)? Who Are the Poor? ?| Roots of Sub-Saharan Poverty ? Governance ?| Colonialism ? The Root Causes of Colonialism ? The| Evolution of Colonialism in Sub-Saharan Africa ? Types| of Colonies ? Political Practices in the Colonies ?| Economic Practices in the Colonies ? Social Implication| of Colonialism ? Geography ? Population Distribution| and Market Isolation ? High Disease Burden ? Malaria| ? HIV/AIDS ? The Impact of Malaria and HIV/AIDS ?| Observations| 4. Sub-Saharan Africa: Ecological and Agricultural| Problems| ? Introduction ? Africa and the Green Revolution ?| Obstacles to an African Green Revolution| ? Differences in Ecologies ? Indigenous Knowledge (IK)| and Best Practices ? The Debate on How to Approach| Africa?s ? Green Revolution ? Arguments Against AGRA| ? The Genetic Engineering (GE) Controversy ? The| Problems with Genetic Engineering ? Multinational| Domination ? The Regulation of Bio Technology ?| Knowledge and Information Communication ?| Summing Up| 5. The Green Revolution in Pakistan| ? Introduction ? Some Consequence of the Green| Revolution in ? Pakistan ? Pakistan?s Variant of the| Indian Green Revolution ? Canal Colonies ? Tubewells| ? Tractors ? Issues and Challenges ? Declining| Agricultural Production ? Changing Rural Credit| Systems ? The Consequences of Larger Landholdings| ? Changes Needed for Sustained Agricultural Growth| ? No-Till Agriculture ? Advantages of No-Till ?| Restrictions on No-Till Adoption ? Irrigation ? Land| 81| 119| 151| Contents 7| ? Land Reforms ? The Next Revolution ? Preparing for| Corporate Agriculture Farming ? Animal Husbandry| ? Observations| 6. The Green Revolution in Nepal| ? Introduction ? General Constraints on Agriculture| ? Topography ? Climate ? The Effects of Global Warming| ? Who Will Be Most Vulnerable? ? Irrigation ? Wasted| Water and Flooding ? Water and Irrigation Solutions| ? Crop Types and Agricultural Commercialization| ? Issues and Challenges ? Conflict Resolution| ? Agricultural Commercialization ? Tourism| 7. The Green Revolution in Bangladesh| ? Introduction ? Environmental Constraints ? Natural| Disasters ? Causes of Natural Disasters ? Population ?| Man- Made Disasters ? Flooding ? Levees and| Embankments ? Arsenic ? Issues and Challenges| ? Shrinking Land Base ? Cropping Patterns ? Fertilizer| ? Rice ? Wheat ? Maize ? Infrastructural Weaknesses| and Markets ? Observations ? Boro and Golden Rice ?| Time Consuming ? MDGs and Disasters| 8. The Green Revolution ? Environmental| Consequences: The Indian Experience| ? Ecological Consequences of the Green Revolution ?| Soil Degradation? Soil Exhaustion and Organic Matter| ? Effects of Pesticides and Herbicides on Soil ? Soil| Salinity or Salinization and Waterlogging ? Overuse| of Water ? Tubewells and Pumpsets? Environmental| Contamination ? Chemical Pesticides ? Problems with| Pesticides ? ® and Pepsi ? Declining Biodiversity| ? Why Should we be Concerned with Biodiversity?| ? The Green Revolution?s Impact on Biodiversity| 9. The Green Revolution ? Socio-Economic| Consequences ?The Indian Experience| ? Introduction ? Socio-Economic Consequences ? Income| Disparities ? The Case of Bihar ? Why So Many Landless| Laborers? ? The Process of Dispossession ? Land| 191| 221| 265| 297| 8 Hunger and Poverty in South Asia| Fragmentation and Households with Multiple| Employment ? Landlordism ? The Green Revolution| Arrives ?The Malaise that is Bihar ? Conclusions| 10. Issues and Challenges for the Future| ? Introduction ? Changes in Agricultural Production| and Consumption ? Agricultural Diversification ? World| Trade Organization ? Agricultural Integration and| Diversification ? 2008 World Food Crisis ? Constraints| on Diversification ? Risk Avoidance ? Issues of Land ?| Labor Constraints ? Agricultural Research ?| Diversification ? The Future ? Land Reforms? Green| Revolution and Future Land Reforms ? What Should| Government?s Role Be?? Conclusions| 11. Poverty| Hunger and a Second Green Revolution| ? Introduction ? Is It Really Over? ? The Green| Revolution: Its Timeframe ? The Green Revolution?s| Sustainability ? Rural Equity| Social justice| and| Incomes ? Where was the Green Revolution| Successful? ? A Second Green Revolution? ? The| Rockefeller Foundation| Part I ? Terminator| Technology ? The Rockefeller Foundation| Part II ?| What will a Second Green Revolution Look Like? ?| Unless| 12. Water| ? Introduction ? Water for Agricultural Production?| Rainfed Agriculture ? Rainfed Agriculture ? Irrigated| Agriculture ? The Case of Groundwater ? Water| Concerns ? Water Scarcity ? Effects of Global Warming| ? Water Quality ? Water Related Disasters ? Floods| and Droughts ? Droughts ? Water| Poverty| and Hunger| ? Millennium Development Goals ? Goal 1 ? Progress| Toward MGD 1| 13. Summing Up| ? Introduction ? South Asia ? India ? Food| Famine| and| Sen ? Changing View of the Green Revolution| 331| 369| 403| 439| Contents 9| ? Degradation of Soils ? Depletion and Contamination| of Groundwater ? Inadequate Irrigation Infrastructure| ? Inadequate Credit Structures ? The Dispossession of| Small and Marginal Cultivating Landholders ? NRGES| ? The Green Revolution is Not to Blame ? Pakistan ?| Bangladesh ? Climate Change ? Erosion ? Climate| Change and Agriculture ? Climate Change and| Biodiversity ? The Future of Bangladesh ? Nepal ? Sub-| Saharan Africa ? Violence and Tribalism ? Causes of| Africa?s Problems ? Agriculture ? The Root Problem ?| Water ? Food Habits ? Solution Priorities| Works Cited| Index| 485| 539| About The Book:- In Late 2007| International Food Policy Research Institute (Ifpri) Published The Challenge Of Hunger| And Stated: There Are 854 Million People Who Go Hungry Every Day. Two Years Later| That Number Had Increased To Roughly 1 Billion People. In The Course Of Less Than A Year| Nearly 100 Million People Had Joined The Ranks Of The World'S Hungry. Rapidly Increasing World Food Prices Have Increased World Hunger In Both Developed And Developing Nations Worldwide. The Greatest Concentration Of The Hungry And Poor Are Found Throughout South Asia And Sub-Saharan Africa. India| Alone| Constitutes Nearly 45 Percent Of The World'S Hungry| And Sub-Saharan Africa Is The Home To Another 35 Percent. The United Nations| In 2001| Formulated A Series Of Development Goals| Which They Called Their Millennium Development Goals. The First Of These Goals Is The Eradication Of Extreme Poverty And Hunger By 2015. This Book Explores Some Of The Causes And Effects Of Hunger And Poverty In South Asia And Sub-Saharan Africa. Will These Regions Be Able Eradicate Extreme Poverty And Hunger By The 2015 Deadline?| About The Author:- J. Albert Rorabacher| Was Born And Raised In The American Midwest. He Received His Academic Credentials From Michigan State University (B.Sc.)| The University Of Texas (M.A.)| And The University Of Minnesota (Ph.D.). He Now Lives In Canada With His Wife| Hava| And His Dog| Crosby| Writing On The Topics Of Hunger And Poverty| Flooding| Land Relations| And Development.| Content:- Contents| Table Of Boxes| List Of Figures| List Of Illustrations| List Of Maps| List Of Tables| Abbreviations| Acronyms And Glossary| Preface| 1. The Problem| ? Introduction ? Food And Famine ? Some Background| ? Decolonization ? Post-Colonial Nation Building ? Food| Shortages ? Production Increases ? Population Growth| ? Population Growth And Development ? Our Goal| 2. The Green Revolution Finds A Home| ? Introduction ? The Green Revolution ? Genetic| Modification ? The Example Of Bt Cotton ? Sustainable| Growth ? The Green Revolution In India ? High-Yielding| Varieties ? Wheat ? High-Yielding Varieties ? Rice ? A| Lag In Adoption ? Consequences Of Hyvs ? Punjab As| The Green Revolution Model ? Changes In Attitudes| Toward Crops ? The 2006 Wheat Crisis ? Increased Risk| Taking ? Initial Adopter ? High-Yield Variety Adoption| Patterns ? The Other Components Of The ?Package Of| Practices? ? Chemical Fertilizers ? Chemical Pesticides| ? Herbicides ? Irrigation ? Conclusions| 11| 13| 15| 17| 19| 21| 25| 27| 43| 6 Hunger And Poverty In South Asia| 3. Sub-Saharan Africa: Poverty| Colonialism| Geography| And Disease| ? Introduction ? What Is Poverty And How Do We| Define It? ? Measures Of Poverty ? Human| Development Index Hdi) ? Human Poverty Index (Hpi)| ? Global Hunger Index (Ghi)? Who Are The Poor? ?| Roots Of Sub-Saharan Poverty ? Governance ?| Colonialism ? The Root Causes Of Colonialism ? The| Evolution Of Colonialism In Sub-Saharan Africa ? Types| Of Colonies ? Political Practices In The Colonies ?| Economic Practices In The Colonies ? Social Implication| Of Colonialism ? Geography ? Population Distribution| And Market Isolation ? High Disease Burden ? Malaria| ? Hiv/Aids ? The Impact Of Malaria And Hiv/Aids ?| Observations| 4. Sub-Saharan Africa: Ecological And Agricultural| Problems| ? Introduction ? Africa And The Green Revolution ?| Obstacles To An African Green Revolution| ? Differences In Ecologies ? Indigenous Knowledge (Ik)| And Best Practices ? The Debate On How To Approach| Africa?S ? Green Revolution ? Arguments Against Agra| ? The Genetic Engineering (Ge) Controversy ? The| Problems With Genetic Engineering ? Multinational| Domination ? The Regulation Of Bio Technology ?| Knowledge And Information Communication ?| Summing Up| 5. The Green Revolution In Pakistan| ? Introduction ? Some Consequence Of The Green| Revolution In ? Pakistan ? Pakistan?S Variant Of The| Indian Green Revolution ? Canal Colonies ? Tubewells| ? Tractors ? Issues And Challenges ? Declining| Agricultural Production ? Changing Rural Credit| Systems ? The Consequences Of Larger Landholdings| ? Changes Needed For Sustained Agricultural Growth| ? No-Till Agriculture ? Advantages Of No-Till ?| Restrictions On No-Till Adoption ? Irrigation ? Land| 81| 119| 151| Contents 7| ? Land Reforms ? The Next Revolution ? Preparing For| Corporate Agriculture Farming ? Animal Husbandry| ? Observations| 6. The Green Revolution In Nepal| ? Introduction ? General Constraints On Agriculture| ? Topography ? Climate ? The Effects Of Global Warming| ? Who Will Be Most Vulnerable? ? Irrigation ? Wasted| Water And Flooding ? Water And Irrigation Solutions| ? Crop Types And Agricultural Commercialization| ? Issues And Challenges ? Conflict Resolution| ? Agricultural Commercialization ? Tourism| 7. The Green Revolution In Bangladesh| ? Introduction ? Environmental Constraints ? Natural| Disasters ? Causes Of Natural Disasters ? Population ?| Man- Made Disasters ? Flooding ? Levees And| Embankments ? Arsenic ? Issues And Challenges| ? Shrinking Land Base ? Cropping Patterns ? Fertilizer| ? Rice ? Wheat ? Maize ? Infrastructural Weaknesses| And Markets ? Observations ? Boro And Golden Rice ?| Time Consuming ? Mdgs And Disasters| 8. The Green Revolution ? Environmental| Consequences: The Indian Experience| ? Ecological Consequences Of The Green Revolution ?| Soil Degradation? Soil Exhaustion And Organic Matter| ? Effects Of Pesticides And Herbicides On Soil ? Soil| Salinity Or Salinization And Waterlogging ? Overuse| Of Water ? Tubewells And Pumpsets? Environmental| Contamination ? Chemical Pesticides ? Problems With| Pesticides ? ® And Pepsi ? Declining Biodiversity| ? Why Should We Be Concerned With Biodiversity?| ? The Green Revolution?S Impact On Biodiversity| 9. The Green Revolution ? Socio-Economic| Consequences ?The Indian Experience| ? Introduction ? Socio-Economic Consequences ? Income| Disparities ? The Case Of Bihar ? Why So Many Landless| Laborers? ? The Process Of Dispossession ? Land| 191| 221| 265| 297| 8 Hunger And Poverty In South Asia| Fragmentation And Households With Multiple| Employment ? Landlordism ? The Green Revolution| Arrives ?The Malaise That Is Bihar ? Conclusions| 10. Issues And Challenges For The Future| ? Introduction ? Changes In Agricultural Production| And Consumption ? Agricultural Diversification ? World| Trade Organization ? Agricultural Integration And| Diversification ? 2008 World Food Crisis ? Constraints| On Diversification ? Risk Avoidance ? Issues Of Land ?| Labor Constraints ? Agricultural Research ?| Diversification ? The Future ? Land Reforms? Green| Revolution And Future Land Reforms ? What Should| Government?S Role Be?? Conclusions| 11. Poverty| Hunger And A Second Green Revolution| ? Introduction ? Is It Really Over? ? The Green| Revolution: Its Timeframe ? The Green Revolution?S| Sustainability ? Rural Equity| Social Justice| And| Incomes ? Where Was The Green Revolution| Successful? ? A Second Green Revolution? ? The| Rockefeller Foundation| Part I ? Terminator| Technology ? The Rockefeller Foundation| Part Ii ?| What Will A Second Green Revolution Look Like? ?| Unless| 12. Water| ? Introduction ? Water For Agricultural Production?| Rainfed Agriculture
